实在不能独享这样的好东西。。。

andrelding

When and How to Push

By Larry Hodges, USATT Certified National Coach

Reprinted from the April, 1997 issue of Table Tennis Talk

Probably the most over-used and under-used shot in table tennis is the push. This may sound contradictory, but it really isn't. Most players either push too much or too little.

& \% c- l3 T0 U* y9 a7 A8 k8 F9 _Many players push because they feel uncomfortable attacking the incoming ball. Others don't push because they feel they should attack every ball. Both of these are poor reasons to push or not push.

Instead of pushing because of what you can or cannot do, push based on what your opponent can or cannot do. For example, if your opponent has an excellent loop against backspin, you should attack first whenever possible. Pushing simply helps your opponent.

* j7 E$ Y* Q& V, V+ A) eOn the other hand, if your opponent doesn't attack backspin well, why "force" your attack, and make mistakes? Instead, pick your shots.
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Don't push because you have to; push because you choose to for tactical reasons. This means that you should learn to attack against any given ball, but then choose tactically whether to push or attack.
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* }5 X) G( k* ^8 l) y1 X. J+ GHaving said all this, I recommend favoring attacking whenever possible, especially in practice. Why? Because, although it won't always be the best tactic, you will improve faster as a player by doing so. The problem, of course, is that if you don't push much in practice matches, how can you perfect the shot so that you can use it in tournaments? You need to find some sort of balance here.

) Y9 y! L/ R) bYou also may not want to overdo the use of pushing as a tactic in tournaments. There's a lot more pressure on you in a tournament than in a practice match, and it's a lot easier to push under pressure than to attack. Therefore, you may need to attack more often in tournaments than good tactics would suggest, so that you can become more comfortable attacking under pressure.
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Usually, the player who tries to attack first in practice and tournaments becomes a stronger player than those who push more often, and don't develop as strong an attack. However, a player who favors attacking, but learns to push effectively, becomes best of all. If you doubt this, watch tapes of Jan-Ove Waldner, Liu Guoliang, Kong Linghui, or USA players such as Cheng Yinghua, Jim Butler and David Zhuang. All favor attacking, but push quite effectively. But only when they choose to for tactical reasons.

% i# R7 |, J% u什么时候以及如何搓球
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可能乒乓球里最过多和过少使用的球就是搓球。这听起来似乎矛盾，但是不是这样。几乎所有的选手要么过多搓球要么过少搓球。
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很多选手搓球因为他们进攻某种球觉得不舒服。另外一些选手不搓球因为他们觉得他们应该进攻所有的球。这些都不是搓或不搓很好的理由。

不应该因为你能或不能而搓球，而应该基于你对手能或不能而搓。譬如说，如果你的对手拉球起下旋非常好的话你应该一有可能就进攻,搓只能帮你的对手.

2 L* @! H) d7 G7 q- o$ i5 ~反过来,如果你对手进攻下旋不好的话,为什么"强迫"自己进攻造成不必要的失误呢?所以,选择你的进攻.
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别因为你必须所以才搓,要为了战略需要而选择去搓.意思是说你应该学会进攻任何一个球,但是却战略选择性地搓或进攻.

说了这许多,我建议只要有可能就倾向于进攻,尤其是在练习时,为什么?因为虽然不总是最好的策略,作为选手你可以通过这样来加强你的速度.问题当然是如果你不在练习赛中多搓球,你怎能把这板球练得很好以至于使用在正式比赛中?你需要找到中间的平衡点.

1 E7 q$ i! S. r7 Y+ ^你也不应该在比赛中策略性地太多搓球.比赛压力要重得多,因此搓比进攻要容易得多.因此正式比赛中你可能需要比好的策略建议你的更多地进攻,这样你才能越来越能在压力下自由地进攻.
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8 O! ]: o% O& F' J3 ?7 Y0 ]/ M通常,和搓得更多而没有练成有力的进攻的选手相比,那些在练习和正式赛中试图去先进攻的选手先变成更强的选手.但是,那些喜欢进攻而又能学会有效搓球的选手会变得最强.

andrelding

Every Ball Comes Back

/ C1 d# _) a% l- V$ r( V' n0 ^By Carl Danner
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It doesn't, really, but you'll play better if you think so. This means recovering to a ready position and moving for the next shot until the ball is absolutely, positively dead. No sooner.
Coaches in Japan use to smack the behinds of students who missed when a ball they assumed was long spun down and hit the table anyway.

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+ @" d" K1 d$ K& u: P1 X每个球都有可能回来

虽然事实上不是那样，但是如果你以为自己打得更好你就会打得更好。意思是说还原到预备位置移动去打下一个球一直到球完全地无误地死掉了，而不是更早。

在日本的教练以前会打后背惩罚那些学生，他们由于自己的忽略而失误，自己以为死的球却飞得很高最后还是回到球台上。

andrelding

Getting Greedy
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3 S6 w# ^2 A7 B2 o) PBy Carl Danner

: n& \, B! w; M8 {. |* H3 b# TIt feels great to clobber the ball -- really smash it to oblivion. But it also leads to errors, especially when the shot is a little harder than you thought, and your feet get lazy in contemplation of a glorious finish to the point.
  w' m/ K6 g: n* N1 oDon't be afraid to smack a ball that deserves smacking, but save the gusto and flourishes for your Academy Award presentation. Getting too greedy in going for winners will cost you more often than you might think.

% u: p5 ^2 w/ ]; d0 s+ l变得贪婪
+ |+ v% {0 {9 q0 S; Z3 G9 M& _& ~
; T8 H# X9 @7 N1 M( @痛打一球是很爽的--狠打一球让它消失掉．但是这样经常产生失误，尤其是球比你想象的要稍微难一点时，而且当你打算辉煌地结束一分时你的脚经常会变得懒惰．

别害怕杀一个应该被杀的球，但是把你的辉煌和高兴保留到发奖仪式上．太贪婪地去争取胜利会比你想象中更经常地让你付出代价．

andrelding

Service Returns 101: Spin
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By Carl Danner

2 Z$ i. u0 T- R- {1 x, u5 g0 D4 U2 ~Many newcomers to the sport are frustrated by heavy spin serves they can't return. Here's a review of the basics for them, along with a key tip for more advanced players.
6 C" R2 G: q6 eWatch your opponent's paddle as it contacts the ball. Whichever way his paddle goes, your return will go also unless you adjust. For example, if he swings down, your return will go down; if he swings to your left, the ball will go that way, etc. There are two ways to adjust and return these serves safely. The first is to aim the opposite direction in which the ball would otherwise go, e.g. aim right to counteract left-aiming spin, or lift to counteract chop (down spin). The second way to adjust is to get a sense of the extent of the spin so you can also aim the ball in the direction the spin would take it, e.g. let the ball go left in response to left-aiming spin.

/ I/ ]% a* A( q" x! l: d# aOnce they learn it, many players automatically use the first technique almost without thinking. For advanced players, however, this can be a mistake, since it makes your return predictable, giving an edge to a high-level opponent who can effectively control the location of your return by his service spin. Therefore, the second technique is often more effective since everyone is used to seeing the first one. The best approach is to learn to use them both, so you can choose between these alternatives and make your returns less predictable.
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2 I! |6 [. X/ a# R# v9 M; y/ n
接发球：旋转
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) \: q6 x# Q# u很多新手不能回接很重的下旋而沮丧的要命．这里给他们回顾一下基本方法，然后再给高水平一点提示．

* B! c* t/ _: {3 q& s观察对手接触球时的拍子，拍子向那边走你接球就会往哪里走，如果你不调节的话．譬如说，如果他向下挥，你的回球就会向下，如果向左挥你的回球就会向左，等等．有两种方式调节并安全地回接这些发球．第一个是冲着相反方向去接．第二个调节方式是对球旋转有一定的认识，这样你也可以冲着旋转会转去的方向接．

很多选手一旦学会通常会想都不想就用第一种方式．对于更高水平的选手之间，这却有可能是个错误，因为这会使你的回球可预测，这样提供给高水平对手一个刀刃，他们可以有效地利用发球旋转控制你回球的落点．因此，第二种方式经常更有效，因为所有人都习惯看到第一种．最好的方式是都学习，这样你可以选择性地用他们而使你的回球不好预测．

andrelding

Service Returns 101: Stroke, Depth and Placement

" ^. O6 a# c, ?$ i! q) [* ]; NBy Carl Danner
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To continue our review of the basics, we turn to how and where to return serves.
Beginners typically learn to return serves with a simple push; it offers good control for handling many kinds of spin. The problem is that at a medium to high level (e.g., starting around 1800, and certainly at 2200 and above), this return becomes terribly weak as your opponents will loop it to death. Particularly bad is the pushed return deep to the middle of the table, which is just asking to be spanked. A spinny, low well-placed deep push can be used even at high levels, but is trickier than you think to get right.

5 q& H' T0 x' U3 m5 oTherefore, any player who aspires to higher-level play must practice two kinds of service returns: Either a short push that bounces twice; or a topspin, loop or flip aimed deep on the table or at an angle. Ideally, all short serves are either dropped back short or flipped, and all long serves are looped. While there are special cases and exceptions (e.g., returns against a player who will not, or cannot attack a push), as a general rule you will do very well limiting yourself only to these plays. Against top players, it can be suicide to do anything else.
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Where to aim is more complicated, and depends in part on your opponent's strengths. Generally, topspin returns should be deep on the table; in fact, deep and less spinny is usually better than shorter and more spinny. Most players are stronger either on the wings, or to their middle; go for the weaker of the two if you figure this out about an opponent. Someone who crowds the table can be vulnerable to the middle -- aim a flip at their playing elbow. Someone who retreats and spins will have more ground to cover to reach the corners. A short, low return is good against almost anyone.

. ^, @( S1 N; V. ~" EFinally, always remember that you have to get it back. Nothing is worse than missing service returns. Worse comes to worse, just get it back somehow and brace yourself for the attack. That way, at least you make your opponent hit the winner to earn the point.
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" V3 p3 ~* |, G6 F- C接发球：方式，深度，和位置

接着回顾基础，我们讲一下如何，向哪个位置接球．
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0 B3 F8 H6 p( n" t初学者一般学习用简单的搓来回接；这种方式对各种旋转的控制较好．问题是在中等或高水平（例如从大概1800起，2200更高就更是这样），这种回接变得极为弱，因为你的对手可以将它冲死．尤其差的是搓回接较深地到台面中间附近，简直是找揍．一个旋转强位置好落点深的搓即使在高水平依然可以用．但是比你想象的更难于做得对．
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5 v; i6 L5 I. J% a7 f5 D& O7 Q因此，任何渴望打高水平球的选手都必须训练两种回球：摆短；或上旋回球（拉，或挑得深或挑角度）．理想情况下，所有短球都回短或挑，所有长球都拉．虽然会有一些特例（譬如回接给一个不想或者不能进攻的对手），作为一般准则，只限制自己打这些球你可以打得很好．面对高水平选手，做任何其他都可能意味自杀．
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冲哪里回的问题要更复杂，部分跟对手的长处有关．一般来说，上旋回球应该深，事实上，深且少些旋转通常比短些且旋转多些更好．大多数选手要么两边更强，要么中间更强；如果你能识就打到他们弱的那一边．那些挤在台上的选手可能中路更脆弱--挑到他们打球那边的眉毛．那些略退后喜欢旋转的会照顾更大面积．短低的球将对每个人都有效．
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最后，永远记得你必须接回去．什么都比失误强．差就差了，无论用什么方式只要把它接回去，然后打起精神准备对手的进攻．这样你的对手至少要杀来得分．

andrelding

Serving Seemiller Depth
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! {- J2 q8 Q6 m9 M: U. mBy Carl Danner
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& B' L. [; ?) t# f  X. {3 {0 kAgainst better, attacking players, an good depth for your serves is just long enough so that the receiver can't tell if it will bounce twice. This creates indecision in your opponent, who needs to reach below the table to loop (as he will want to). You may get a weak, deep return as a result.
/ C6 C: {, J0 E0 Z0 f: fDan Seemiller has always recommended this tactic, which served him well in his world-class playing career.
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发象史米乐那样深的球
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5 z4 F4 R, {  a+ @% d7 o面对更强的进攻性选手，一个很好的发球深度是正好长到接发者无法判断它是否在台面跳两下．这会使你的对手犹豫，他需要跑到台下去拉这个球（如果他想的话）．结果是：你会得到一个落点深且弱的回球．
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" y+ i7 W" O8 Z" K3 w丹．史米乐总是建议这个策略，这种方法在他世界级比赛生涯里起到很好的作用．

andrelding

Sidespin Chops
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) b( i! l3 {; u/ Q, vBy Dr. Ping Pong
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% ]9 o3 m( Z% f3 ~You can stroke a chop, or push, with two kinds of sidespin (right-to-left, or left-to-right), or straight up with only underspin. Try out these spins in your next practice session. Exaggerate the sidespins to get a feel for the stroke, and how they affect the flight of the ball.
+ L9 f* r# X; n& K/ V- f* d% |0 ^There are many game situations where a particular sidespin is helpful on a chop or a push. Other times, just varying the sidepin creates a complication for your opponent -- which is a good thing for you. Become aware of these possibilities, and you will add another small weapon to your arsenal.

# h9 N7 T1 g7 u2 \6 r% R侧旋搓球
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% t- h, y3 S( w( f你可以用两种侧转（从左到右或从右到左）来搓或削一个球，或者直搓出纯下旋．下一次练习中试试这些旋转．夸大侧旋量来感觉一下击球，感觉一下这种方法怎样影响球的运行．
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3 H4 X6 m% n4 u) x8 @( c+ L: M7 G( k' @很多种比赛情况一个特殊的侧旋搓或削很有用．另外一些情况，只是变一变侧旋会给你对手增加回球复杂性--这对你有利．开始意识这些可能性，这样你会在你的装备里增加一个小的武器．

andrelding

Sidespin Loops
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By Carl Danner
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Here's a playful way to develop a seriously-useful skill.
Start your next practice session with some easy forehand counter-looping with your partner. Gradually, swing more and more sideways to make your shots arc more and more widely. Eventually, with a little practice, the two of you should be able to hit low, flat curving loops that are almost all sidespin. Play around with this variation, going from mostly topspin to mostly sidespin and back again. Get a little touch for it.

0 J; m8 y% j+ B" J  I$ Q/ X! rIn matches, the ability to vary loops in this way can be highly valuable. Many opponents can tune into (and return well) even a strong loop if its spin and trajectory are always the same. But few opponents can do the same against a loop whose shape keeps changing. It does take some time (and experience) to learn how to work such shots in effectively; for example, you should probably forget about this and just rip your best swing any time you get a set-up. In longer rallies, however, and against certain styles (e.g. flat blockers), varying the topspin/sidespin mix on your loops can pay big dividends.

And practicing it looks great, to boot.
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侧旋拉球
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* v! q5 N4 @/ Q, z这里讲一个既好玩的方法又能练出一种极其有用的技术．

# `0 r! x8 m# B1 I1 K# @3 Q/ |在你下一次练习时，开始和你的对手练一些简单的对拉．逐渐地增大挥拍，而且增大向侧向的挥拍，这样产生球的侧弧越来越大．只需要很少的训练，最后，你和你的球友可以拉出低平几乎全部是侧旋的球，玩一玩这种变化，从几乎上旋拉到几乎侧旋，然后再回来．感觉一下手感．

比赛中，变化这种技术的能力有可能非常有价值．如果弧圈的旋转和轨迹总一样的话，很多对手可以适应（而且回得很好）甚至是非常有质量的拉球．但是极少对手可以同样适应弧线不断变化的弧圈．练习有效地使用这种变化的确需要时间（和比赛经验）．例如你有可能不去管它每次都用你最大的精力练一种球．但是，长期来说（尤其是对某种对手，譬如回球很平的防守型），变化你拉球的旋转（上旋或侧旋）可以有很大的回报．
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而且，练习角度讲，这种球看起来很漂亮．

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Keep it Snappy
8 p/ P( _# F$ n+ w. n) G& k) m7 ]By Carl Danner
0 T, q0 d8 Q; v. f6 T8 w) l8 _( KIn tennis, players are advised to bring their arms back for ground strokes
( Z% n+ Q0 _$ O* A2 N- A( O8 {  ~4 Owell before the ball arrives. Table tennis is the opposite; your strokes
should be crisp and quick, and you should "pull the trigger" only as the
ball approaches you. In particular, you should not start a backswing until
you are ready to go right through the ball, almost in one continuous motion.
/ f8 n' j' g  ^- R5 m8 M& _5 U! W1 FThis is especially important for a strong forehand.
Slower strokes, with early backswings, tend to involve steering the ball
8 p0 P& s- F7 l% N! y. u0 \7 Lrather than swinging through. Additionally, it's hard to move well once
" O: a7 {# m8 M4 z% jyou have taken your racket back. As you improve, a crisp stroke will also
help you keep up with the quicker rallies better players can produce.
The recipe for good strokes is move first, swing last, and keep it snappy.
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5 \9 T5 j# C- v2 y# c保持干净利落
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网球里，选手在基本击球时被建议在球到来之前很早就把手臂引回来。乒乓球正相
反：你的击球应该干脆快捷，你应该只在球接近你时才“扣动扳机”。特别的，在
你没有准备好击穿球之前不应该开始引拍，几乎应该是一个连续的动作。这点应用
在强大的正手时尤其重要。
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! }& |, Y  P7 k1 l; {慢些的击球加上早引拍，利于控制球而不是划过球。另外，一旦你把球拍拿回来后
就很难很好的移动。随着你的进步，一个干脆的击球可以帮助你跟上更强对手能打
& H' ^# n' Y% p* z9 |的更快回合。
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, V: M" M" [' d, [& j一个好的击球的配方是先移动，最晚引拍，然后保持干净利落。

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Commitment to Footwork
8 }3 P- R& ~/ LBy Carl Danner
; z1 F+ ]4 p* ^7 R# w  n9 WTechnique is important, but the critical ingredient for good footwork is
( t' z( }& H: u4 @+ Pa "no excuses" attitude towards moving your fool self over there to get
1 A$ f: q* }- b# Bthe ball. You have to rule out leaning, reaching, giving up, and all the
" M8 n! n( @5 A* b0 sother compromises and excuses and get your body in position NOW to make
: q7 r+ z# b. a* j: Y- \5 D7 u- ]a complete stroke. If the ball goes by you, be sure it does so only as you
6 X% o9 w: {  care moving at full speed towards it.
You will be surprised how much better you can move once you have made a
* u9 o  v8 q2 A8 e$ X$ ?5 C/ u  Utrue commitment to footwork. Try it!
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" ~* B$ S9 m* E  o专注于步法

技术是重要的，但是好的步法的关键元素是“没有借口”的态度来移动自己去接球。
你必须排除倾斜，够，放弃和其他任何妥协方式和借口，现在就移动身体到位去完
成一个完全的击球。如果漏球，要确保那只发生在你在全速移动向它的情况下。

  ?; V. z' E. ~6 ^7 _一旦你真正去付出于步法你会很惊讶于你变得多好，试一下吧！